by KLEOS
Radio Access Network (RAN)
- Designed, manufactured, and deployed by KLEOS
- Full hardware and software control
- Ultra-low total cost of ownership
- Clear roadmap from 5G to future 6G standards
5G · AI-driven · End-to-End Digital Services01
Technology architecture
Connectivity is only the starting point
Real value comes from platforms, services, and intelligence built on top.
The Value Chain
Connectivity enables platforms. Platforms enable services. Services create value.
01Connectivity
02Platforms
03Services
04Value
Full-Stack Control
Full-Stack Control by Design
We control our technology stack through industrial-grade partnerships and cloud-native architectures, ensuring speed, resilience, and long-term scalability.
Partner-enabled cloud core
Core Network
- Carrier-grade security and reliability
- Flexible, scalable architecture
- Dramatically reduced upfront capital exposure
Digital content ecosystem
Service Platform
- Creator-first ecosystem spanning games, studios, and metaverse worlds
- Integrated studio, game platform, multiverse, and community hub unified by design
SIG Holding
Strategic Investment & Fund Management
- A multi-generational family-office investment group
- Global experience across finance, energy, commodities, real assets and technology
Cloud-core and international-network services are supplied and operated by external partners under project-specific agreements.
Technology architecture
The network and the services, conceived together.
As an official KLEOS distributor, SK Technology presents a radio-access proposition distinguished by extended coverage, high capacity and compelling network economics. Selected international partners complete the architecture with cloud core, connectivity, roaming and digital-service capabilities.
01Radio access
KLEOS RAN · Coverage and capacity
High-performance macro radio infrastructure designed to extend coverage and reach up to 1.5 Gbps in 4×4 MIMO, with a technical potential of 2.6–3.0 Gbps in 8×8 MIMO, subject to configuration and deployment conditions.
Official source · KLEOS ↗
02End-to-end operator model
Mobile Operator in a Box
A modular framework bringing together radio access, core network, transport, OSS/BSS, security, service enablement and operational support around each market’s requirements.
03Digital content
E-gaming, applications & experiences
Content and applications designed for integration into mobile offers, helping operators differentiate bundles and create new digital-service opportunities.
04AI-enabled services
Education & enterprise management
Mobile-first education, training and AI-assisted management tools for individuals, schools, SMEs and enterprise customers.
A decisive technological advantage
More coverage. More capacity. A faster route to market.
KLEOS radio performance and an external global operator’s cloud platform are combined into one operator-ready proposition: high-throughput access, an agile core, international reach and a complete catalogue of digital services.
4×4 MIMO
Potential peak radio throughput in the appropriate configuration and spectrum conditions.
8×8 MIMO
Target technical potential for advanced capacity configurations.
Target activation
A rapid, near plug-and-play technical path once agreements and prerequisites are complete.
Roaming operators
Potential reach through the international roaming ecosystem of the external network partner.
A complete digital-service catalogue
Through the partner-delivered Core Network as a Service environment, an operator proposition can also incorporate applications, content, streaming, e-gaming and integrations with leading social platforms, subject to availability and the definitive agreements for each project.
* Radio figures express technical potential and vary with spectrum, bandwidth, MIMO configuration, software, devices and deployment conditions. Cloud core, roaming, applications, content, streaming and platform integrations are supplied or operated by an external partner. The two-week target begins after contracting and completion of the applicable regulatory, commercial and technical prerequisites.
Network intelligence
Infrastructure for intelligent, instantaneous services.
Compute, radio, transport, edge and cloud are coordinated to deliver the performance and resilience expected from next-generation mobile services.
01AI infrastructure
Distributed intelligence at scale
Compute, edge resources and secure data flows bring intelligence closer to users and operations.
02End-to-end coordination
Radio, transport, edge & cloud
A unified architecture connects coverage, capacity, service platforms and operational control.
03Network performance
High throughput. Low latency. Resilience.
Performance engineered for immediate experiences, critical applications and service continuity.
Coverage economics · ICS Smart Relays
Extend the signal. Preserve the investment.
ICS Smart Relays intelligently reuse the donor network by identifying and cancelling feedback interference in real time. Introduced by Serge Khalifé from 2010 with operators in North Africa and the Middle East, they enabled wider coverage and materially lower deployment costs in demanding radio environments.
01Donor signal
02Real-time cancellation
03Controlled amplification
04Extended coverage
Introduced across North Africa and the Middle East
Comparable outdoor coverage power in a suitable topology
Indicative equipment cost versus a complete NodeB solution*
Coverage for basements, parking areas and other shadow zones
Outdoor smart relays
In the right radio design, outdoor ICS units can provide coverage power comparable to a NodeB while avoiding the economics of a complete macro site.
Indoor pico repeaters
Compact multi-band units bring the donor signal into hidden areas such as basements, underground parking, corridors and dense indoor environments.
Energy & supervision
Power-conscious design, remote operation and immediate visibility of system status support a lighter operating model.
A disciplined network equation
Coverage engineered around total cost of ownership.
Target shadow zones with a focused relay layer and reserve complete macro sites for the locations that truly require them.
Reduce the potential footprint of civil works, energy, backhaul and field intervention through efficient equipment and remote supervision.
Bring serviceable coverage to market sooner and align network expenditure more closely with the revenue potential of each territory.
SK Technology · Field engineering
A field-led technology approach
ICS Smart Relays introduced with operators across North Africa and the Middle East for indoor and outdoor coverage extension.
Before-and-after KPIs, drive tests and operator acceptance protocols frame every technical validation.
Wireless broadband lineage
From the WiMAX era and iBurst to standards-based 5G.
SK Technology’s experience also includes early work to introduce WiMAX. In parallel, the engineering lineage behind KLEOS began with iBurst, conceived as a high-performance mobile broadband alternative during the WiMAX era, before evolving into today’s operator-grade radio platform.
Hands-on experience with the first generation of metropolitan wireless broadband propositions and their deployment economics.
The KLEOS engineering team collaborated on the first-generation iBurst base station, creating the technological foundation for its later radio platforms.
The current KLEOS 5G platform is presented as fully compatible with the 3GPP Release 17 standards framework.
Radio access reference
Official KLEOS distributor
KLEOS within a wider operator architecture.
SK Technology officially distributes KLEOS and introduces its radio-access solutions to leading international operator groups serving several hundred million subscribers worldwide. KLEOS infrastructure can be associated with brand-neutral core, transport, operational systems and AI-enabled digital services in a modular end-to-end proposition. Core, transport and international-network services are supplied by external partners through partnerships that enable SK Technology to propose those services. Each operator opportunity remains subject to technical validation, definitive agreements and regulatory authorisations; an introduction never implies an operator product decision.
01
KLEOS RAN
Macro radio infrastructure engineered for coverage, capacity and deployment flexibility.
02
Core & operations
A partner-flexible architecture for core network, transport, OSS/BSS, security and support.
03
Digital services
Applications, e-gaming, education and enterprise tools designed for operator integration.